The "e;dilemma of early Christology,"e; Kaiser observes, is found in the early Christian claims to have "e;seen the Lord"e; and "e;beheld his glory"e; - expressions that in early Judaism would have pointed unequivocally to visions of Israel's God. The shift of those claims onto the figure of Jesus is usually explained either as a result of the resurrection of Jesus, presumed as a historical event, or on the influence of pagan polytheism. Kaiser examines the phenomenon of "e;kyriocentric"e; visions in Second Temple Judaism, asking whether such traditions are sufficient to account for the shape of early claims regarding the divinity of Christ.