contentieux de la mise en conformite dans le reglement des differends de l'O.M.C. / Adjudicating Compliance in the WTO Dispute Settlement System

Le mecanisme de reglement des differends de l'O.M.C. se distingue des autres juridictions internationales en ce qu'il comporte un ensemble sophistique de procedures specifiquement et exclusivement destinees a traiter les desaccords pouvant surgir au cours de l'execution de l'obligation qui resulte pour un Membre de la decision juridictionnelle qui declare sa responsabilite. Leur existence meme et la facon dont les organes de jugement s'acquittent de leur mission temoignent de ce que l'execution des obligations resultant des actes juridictionnels dans l'ordre international n'echappe pas fatalement au droit. Ainsi, le systeme de l'O.M.C. exprime mais aussi realise une ambition singuliere en droit international : renforcer la garantie de la legalite en habilitant la juridiction a encadrer, controler, et, en definitive, participer a assurer l'execution de ses propres decisions. The WTO dispute settlement system has created a sophisticated set of procedures designed with the sole purpose of dealing with all disagreements that can arise between the parties during the implementation process. The very existence of these procedures, and the manner in which the adjudicative bodies accomplish their task, give evidence of the fact that compliance with judgments in the international legal order does not inevitably lie outside the realm of the law. The WTO system thereby expresses but also fulfills a strong ambition, unique when considered through the lens of international law: strengthening the rule of law by vesting the adjudicative bodies with the task of supervising, reviewing, and ultimately contributing to inducing and enforcing compliance with their own judgments.