Progress in Economics Research. Volume 51

This volume includes eight chapters that detail recent progress in economics research. Chapter One uses the Ordinary Least Squares regression with robust standard errors to test for a relationship between nominal exchange rates and indexes. Chapter Two evaluates quality of life, using the human development index (HDI) as a proxy, in two countries: the United Kingdom and Qatar. Chapter Three details the growth story of emerging market economies, as well as prospects and challenges to suggest to policymakers the direction of an apt policy design. Chapter Four gives answers to the following academic and practical questions: "e;What is Agrarian Governance?"e; and "e;How to Assess Agrarian Governance?"e;. Chapter Five examines the effects of Bill Clinton's income tax reform on welfare by conducting various computational experiments using a dynamic general equilibrium model. Chapter Six analyzes the economic performances of 18 emerging market economies (EMEs) over a 30-year sample period as well as attempts to identify changing dynamics after the global financial crisis (GFC). Chapter Seven discusses how the economy can be divided into two components - "e;constructive"e; and "e;speculative"e;. Finally, Chapter Eight details the relationship between taxation, affordability, and expenditure in the cigarette market.