Polymer Blends and Alloys

Mixing two or more polymers together to produce a blend (or "alloy") is one well-established strategy for achieving a specified portfolio of physical properties, without the need to synthesize specialized polymer systems. The subject is vast and has been the focus of much work, both theoretical and experimental. Much of the earlier work in this field was necessarily empirical and many of the blends produced were of academic rather than commercial interest. The manner in which the two (or more) polymers are compounded together is of vital importance in controlling the properties of the blend. Moreover, particularly through detailed rheological studies, it is becoming apparent that processing can provide a wide range of blend microstructures. This is exemplified by the "in-situ" formation of fibres resulting from the imposition of pre-determined flow fields on blends, when in the solution or melt state. The microstructures produced in this case transform the blend into a true fibre composite; this parallels earlier work on the deformation of metal alloys. This is an up-to-date survey of the technology available to synthesize and test polymer blends and alloys, and of the future applications which developments in processing offer. Emphasis is placed on the properties required by industry, and how these properties can be achieved and tested. This book should be of interest to polymer chemists and materials technologists in the academic world and industry.