Neglected Zoonotic Enteric Parasites Prevalence, Diagnosis and Control

Neglected enteric zoonotic parasitic diseases (EZPDs) are a critical public health challenge worldwide, particularly affecting low- and middle-income countries, including various regions across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This review aimed to provide an extensive synthesis of the current understanding of four prominent EZPDs: echinococcosis (hydatidosis), cysticercosis, foodborne trematodes, and trichinellosis, emphasizing their prevalence, diagnosis, prevention, and control measures in diverse geographical contexts. Echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis, leads to severe health complications, including hydatid cyst disease, particularly in regions with livestock farming and inadequate sanitation, such as in rural Egypt and parts of Central Asia. Effective diagnosis relies on imaging techniques, serological tests, and molecular methods, though awareness and healthcare access vary significantly. Cysticercosis, resulting from the larval stage of Taenia solium, is a leading cause of neurocysticercosis, with substantial public health implications in areas with poor sanitation, including Egypt, sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia.