Why is monster science a kind of serious and systematic knowledge in Japan?What are monsters?What are Xin monsters?What are Li monsters?The answers are included in Lecture Notes on Monsters. Lecture Notes on Monsters are lecture notes prepared by Inoue EnryA a famous Japanese Buddhist philosopher, when teaching at the institute of philosophy. After publication, the book sells well and has been reprinted many times. "e;It is taken seriously be Japanese people and very beneficial to the folk custom in Japan"e;.Superstition is a product of culture. The history of thousands of years has reproduced thousands of devout fans. However, only by science and philosophy can we get rid of these beliefs and faiths that violate science.Cai Yuanpei tried to revitalize enlightenment of education and promote social morality by translating Lecture Notes on Monster Science (Pandect: Four Volumes on Superstition and Culture). He pointed out that it is necessary to have sound knowledge to oppose superstition and establish sound morality. "e;If we want to clear up the mist for our country, we must also have wisdom and morality"e;, "e;dispel the delusion of people"e; and popularize scientific knowledge.Lecture Notes on Monster Science has been included in "e;One Hundred Translations Affecting Modern Chinese Society"e;, which shows the great influence of this book on modern China.