History of modern philosophy

The eighteenth century appears to be an era of careful analysis and violent criticism, while the first half of the nineteenth century is working on synthesis and construction in Germany, France, and England alike. In Germany, huge and noisy philosophies bearing the names of Fichte, Schelling, Hegel, and Schopenhauer appear, and the French delve deeply into the study of psychological life and its conditions, such that this study results in solutions in all aspects, as Maine de Biran did, or Auguste Comte assimilates all aspects into a single doctrine emanating from realism, and tries to alienate The English, most notably Hamilton, corrected sensualism in German philosophy.Then the situation changed in the second half of the nineteenth century, and a struggle broke out between materialism, which had found new weapons in the theory of the evolution of biology, and many supporters in Germany and England, the most famous of whom were Darwin and Spencer, and spiritualism, supported by French philosophers.This conflict continues in the first half of the twentieth century, and it can be said that it will not end. Spirituality actually lacks an objective existential philosophy like that of Aristotle, and we do not know whether modern minds accept such a philosophy, or continue in their futile attempts.