Hemolytic Uremic Syndromes of Children

Hemolytic uremic syndromes are a heterogeneous group of diseases. The histological lesion at the origin of the different clinico-biological signs is the thrombotic microangiopathy. The positive diagnosis is based on the triad of mechanical hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure. Hemolytic uremic syndrome following diarrhea with enteroinvasive germs, mainly Escherichia Coli, is the most frequent form in children. Other forms of hemolytic uremic syndrome are rarer and their positive diagnosis may be difficult in some cases. Only prompt management can improve the prognosis of the disease.