Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. It is a pleasure to express my gratitude to all of my instructors, and particularly to thank Professors W. H. Car penter and Calvin Thomas of Columbia University for assist ance and encouragement in this work. I desire, also, to express my thanks to Professor Richard M. Werner of the University of Lemberg, Austria, and to Professor William Addison Hervey of Columbia University for valuable advice and Suggestions.