Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. Within a remarkably short space of time electrical engineering has been so largely and widely developed that it now stands in the very forefront of engineering industries. We find electricity everywhere supplanting the older forms of power, and it bids fair to revolutionise the older systems of traction in the near future. Already many railways are working, or are about to be worked, electrically, while many more are in course of construction on the same lines.