This is a work summarizing in one volume the pioneering approach of the author to public-interest decision-taking in the field of urban & regional planning. This book is aimed at students, researchers and professionals in planning. Nathaniel Lichfield first introduced in his "e;Economics of Planned Development"e; the concept that, in any use and development of land, the traditional "e;development balance sheet"e; of the developers needed to be accompanied by a "e;planning balance sheet"e; prepared by the planning officer or planning authority. Over the forty years since this work was published, the author has brought to the operational level the "e;planning balance sheet"e;, with many case studies, primarily for consultancy purposes. The present title reflects the incorporation during the 1970s of the then emerging field of environmental impact assessment.