Over the past few decades, scientists and clinicians have been exploring the use of growth factors and bone substitutes to stimulate and augment the body's inherant regenerative capabilities. The development of recombinant proteins and the application of gene therapy techniques could revolutionize the treatment of bone and cartilage problems. Bone Regeneration and Repair provides current information regarding the biology of bone formation and repair, reviews the basic science of autologous bone graft, allograft, bone substitutes and growth factors, and finally explores the clinical applications of this exciting technology.