Basics of Molecular Genetics

Molecular genetics is the study of genes, DNA, RNA and proteins work together to create and function in cells and organisms. Basics of molecular genetics include: DNA a long nucleic acid that contain the genetic material for all inheritable traits. DNA packing into chromosomes, Genes are portion of DNA that code for polypeptides. Central dogma which is the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA and then to proteinsTranscription is the process of transferring information from DNA to the protein level which begin with transcription of a gene to mRNA. Translation is the process where mature mRNA molecule is translated into proteins. Genetic variation refers to differences in gene between individuals or populations. DNA sequencing helps in understanding how genes contribute to diseases. Recombinant DNA technology helps in manipulating DNA utilizing restriction enzymes and reverse transcriptase.