Analog Square Rooting Circuits

The aim of the book is to announce the audience about analogue square rooters. The book defines (i) what is analogue square rooter (ii) what are the types of analogue square rooters (iii) how the types of analogue square rooters are implemented with analogue 2 to 1 multiplexers and op-amps and (iv) how the types of analogue square rooters are implemented with transistors and op-amps.108 analogue square rooter circuits are described in this book. All analogue square rooter circuits presented in this book are using a maximum of 4 op-amps. Hence a quad op-amp IC can be used in low-cost applications. While designing each square rooter high attention was given that the implementation should not exceed more than 4 op-amps and 3 analogue 2 to 1 multiplexers or 4 analog switches. This enabled the users to simulate the square rooters with a minimum number of components and use them for their applications at low cost.