Aging and the Ethics of Longevity Science

A century of experimental science has revealed that the rate of biological aging is malleable, influenced by genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and pharmacological factors. Translational gerontology is now rapidly progressing from the bench to the clinic, ushering in a new ideal for longevity science--what the gerontologist Alex Comfort (1969) first coined "rate control." Unlike the medical paradigm of "disease control," which has increased survival time by suppressing causes of premature death, rate control aspires to increase healthspan and compress morbidity in late life by slowing the rate of aging through non-pharmacological (e.g. healthy environments, lifestyle) and potential pharmacological (e.g. geroprotective drugs) interventions. Aging and the Ethics of Longevity Science examines the ethical and societal implications of population aging and longevity science. Should aging be construed as a disease? Will the development of aging drugs exacerbate or help redress health disparities? Should the development of such drugs be construed as something harmful or beneficial to planetary health? And how might rate control impact the health and wellbeing of women, who survive longer than men but with poorer health? Dispensing with frames that perpetuate what he calls the "Frankensteinification" of translational gerontology, philosopher Colin Farrelly encourages instead an understanding of the societal significance of longevity science that is predicated upon "wisdom-inquiry" science (Maxwell 2007) and "responsible biology" (Kitcher 2004). A growing global healthspan-lifespan gap, the persistence of health disparities that arise from variations in unequal environmental exposures, the prevalence of ageism, and the politicalization of science present significant obstacles to the realization of healthy longevity. Farrelly advances a pragmatic ethical analysis that takes these predicaments seriously, encouraging the pursuit of wisdom-inquiry longevity science that is tempered to accommodate concern for living a good life and having a good death.