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This book draws serious attention to the new and multidimensional crisis looming over the Aravalli mountain range. Mining-driven so-called development, the dilution of environmental laws, and policy imbalances have placed the Aravalli's water sources, forest cover, and ecological equilibrium under grave threat. The crisis is not limited to the physical degradation of the hills; it is manifesting in groundwater depletion, agricultural distress, youth unemployment, and growing social instability. The work clearly establishes that the Aravallis form a natural shield regulating the climate and rainfall cycles of northern and western India. Their degradation constitutes a direct assault on water security, food security, democratic values, and the rights of future generations; therefore, the conservation of the Aravallis is a national responsibility.