Xenobiotics, Environment And Functional Biology

The xenobiotics compounds such as agro, pharmaceutical and industrial chemical substances are being used, they eventually reach the soil and water environments where they are utilized by the organisms such as soil fauna, microorganisms and plant root after their leaching and degradation. However, recent studies showed that the uptake of these xenobiotic substances lead to environmental toxicity, health hazards and degradation of biotic diversity. Therefore, the toxicity, biodegradability and efficacy of xenobiotics are considered to be great threat to human health, wildlife, flora and fauna. Many pharmaceutical and personal care products have become highly important emerging contaminant in the last decades because of their detection in virtually allnatural habitats which have toxic effects not only on human beings but also on flora and fauna. All categories of pharmaceuticals including pain killers (analgesics and anti-inflammatory), antibiotics (antibacterial), anticonvulsant drugs, beta-blockers, blood lipid regulators, x-ray contrast media, cytostatic drugs (chemotherapy), oral contraceptives and veterinary pharmaceuticals among many others have been found in the environment.