Urinary Tract Infections: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management

The infections that affect the urinary tract are termed as urinary tract infections (UTIs). These include bladder infections and kidney infections. Bladder infections or cystitis are the infections that affect the lower part of the urinary tract. Kidney infections or pyelonephritis are the infections that affect the upper part of the urinary tract. Symptoms of cystitis include frequent urination, pain with urination and feeling the need to urinate despite having an empty bladder. Symptoms associated with pyelonephritis are fever and flank pain along with the symptoms of cystitis. In some cases, urine may appear bloody. A few of the risk factors of UTIs are diabetes, family history, obesity, female anatomy and sexual intercourse. From theories to research, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. Its aim is to give a general view of the pathophysiology and clinical management of urinary tract infections. This book will help new researchers by foregrounding their knowledge in this branch.