Transboundary Cooperation in the Arab Region

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 6.5.2 enables the monitoring of operational arrangements for transboundary water cooperation. The third regional report for SDG indicator 6.5.2 assesses the status and progress of transboundary water cooperation in the Arab region. Participation in the reporting process has improved significantly, with 17 out of 21 Arab countries sharing transboundary basins submitting data to the third monitoring exercise in 2023, compared to just 10 countries in 2017. In total, 90 per cent of the region’s countries have engaged in at least one round of reporting, demonstrating growing awareness and commitment to transboundary water cooperation. The report highlights significant discrepancies in how countries report transboundary basins, including inconsistencies provided data. Moreover, it tackles institutional and legal gaps under a changing climate, in addition to emphasizing the ongoing data availability and financial problems. To accelerate progress, the report recommends integrating climate adaptation into transboundary frameworks, harmonizing data reporting protocols, leveraging regional institutions for dialogue, and aligning SDG reporting efforts. Strengthening technical capacities, enhancing data systems, and promoting inclusive stakeholder participation are essential to achieving effective transboundary water cooperation. Despite some advancements, substantial efforts are needed to bridge existing gaps and meet SDG targets within the limited timeframe.