Thermodynamics essentials

Thermodynamics is an essential branch of physics that studies the exchange of energy, particularly in the form of heat and work, between systems and their environment. It plays a central role in the understanding of many natural phenomena and in the operation of various technical systems. For first-year students, thermodynamics is an essential foundation. Not only does it enable students to acquire the conceptual and mathematical tools needed to analyze concrete situations, it also develops rigorous scientific reasoning. Indeed, the laws of thermodynamics apply to a multitude of fields, from the operation of heat engines, turbines and nuclear reactors to life processes such as respiration and photosynthesis. Moreover, thermodynamics is often the first science to emphasize abstract but powerful concepts such as internal energy, entropy and thermodynamic equilibrium. Learning to handle these notions prepares students for more advanced disciplines such as fluid mechanics, physical chemistry and sawing.