Studies in Gaming

This work examines how ideas of race in Dungeons & Dragons are rooted in more than 2,000 years of history, from ancient Greek depictions of "e;monstrous races"e; through early modern Europe. It shows how co-creator Gary Gygax formalized fantasy creatures using frameworks based on scientific taxonomy and nineteenth-century racial theory. These influences continue to shape how race functions in the game, especially in the depiction of orcs and drow--two groups identified by publisher Wizards of the Coast as particularly problematic. The book provides a historical overview, case studies in racial representation of orcs and drow, and interviews with players of color that provide insight into the experience of race during play. A concluding chapter notes progress and limitations in recent revisions to the game's treatment of race. Even as terms shift from "e;race"e; to "e;species,"e; the author argues, the foundational logic of classification remains embedded in the fantasy genre.