Modeling of Electrical Machines

Synchronous generators generate electricity at 50 Hz (60 Hz in the U.S.). When driven by steam turbines at high speeds, they are called turbogenerators, while those powered by water at lower speeds are hydrogenerators. Large motors for load management are usually induction motors with squirrel cage construction. Initially, isolated prime-mover generator sets were used, with later advancements introducing synchronization and parallel operation of alternators. Over time, power stations were linked to form power pools, which eventually connected into large, complex grid systems. Engineers have continually developed models for turbogenerators and hydrogenerators for reliable parallel operation. Key control systems include boiler-firing control, turbine-governor control, and exciter-AVR controls for turbogenerators, while hydrogenerators require the latter two and modeling for static and transient droop. Early models followed guidelines by Blondel, Nickle, and Doherty, later expanded by R.H. Park for transient analysis. Computer methods for stability analysis have advanced through ongoing research. This book presents seven chapters on modeling synchronous motors.