This text examines racial and ethnic discrimination in the labour markets and workplaces of western Europe. Scholars from tendifferent countries set out the experience and implications of this exclusion for two main groups: the more established second and third generations of post-war migrant descent, and the "new" migrants, including seasonal and undocumented workers and refugees, who are vulnerable to extreme exploitation and unregulated working environments. The study finishes by addressing the implications of these issues for trade unions and employers in Europe.