This volume reports the data and the metadata of the seven longest European series of temperature and pressure observations, dating back to the 18th century. Data is reported in daily resolution that is fundamental for high frequency climate variability and extreme events analysis. The book includes a CD-ROM that contains the data, providing a unique opportunity to study climate change starting prior to the period of the industrial era. The observational errors of early and modern instruments are discussed in order to apply these results to other case studies, so as to correct errors and inhomogeneities in the long series.