This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of China's fiscal policy since 1949. It provides an in-depth understanding of the contextual factors that shape its implementation and examines the transition logic between planned fiscal policy and market-oriented fiscal approaches.The author introduces fiscal policy focused on national economic recovery (1949-1952), planned fiscal policy (1953-1977), fiscal policy adapted to economic transition (1978-2011), and fiscal policy in the new era (2012-present). With "e;fiscal balance"e; as the central theme, he summarizes the fundamental principles and key dynamics underpinning China's fiscal policy and presents a clear framework for understanding the evolution and strategic rationale behind the country's approach to fiscal governance.The title will appeal to scholars of Chinese economy, comparative economics, public finance, and macroeconomics.