Diet and Physical Activity in Diabetes Mellitus

Dietary management is critical in diabetes mellitus because the way food is consumed has a direct impact on blood glucose levels. A proper diet not only helps maintain blood glucose levels within a healthy range, but also prevents complications associated with the disease, improves quality of life and promotes overall well-being. In blood glucose control, carbohydrates, fats and proteins affect glucose levels differently. Identifying the type, amount and timing of their consumption helps to avoid dangerous peaks (hyperglycemia) and troughs (hypoglycemia) in blood glucose levels. Importantly, preventing complications through a balanced diet can reduce the risk of long-term complications of cardiovascular disease, kidney damage (nephropathy), nerve problems (neuropathy), eye problems (retinopathy). This text aims to promote sustainable habits, allowing informed dietary decisions to promote a healthy lifestyle that can be maintained in the long term, positively impacting the quality of life.