Artificial Intelligence in Endodontics

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing various aspects of healthcare, including dentistry, with significant advancements in the field of endodontics. AI refers to the ability of machines to mimic human intelligence and perform tasks such as diagnosis, prediction, and decision-making. In endodontics, AI has shown great promise in enhancing diagnostic precision, improving treatment planning, and predicting treatment outcomes. Subsets of AI like machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are widely used to interpret complex dental imaging data such as periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. In endodontics, AI is useful in detecting periapical lesions, identifying root fractures, analysing root canal morphology, and recognizing anatomical variations like additional roots or canals. AI also supports clinicians in determining accurate working length during root canal treatment, predicting the success of retreatment procedures, and assessing the viability of dental pulp stem cells.