L'ontologie de Nicolas d'Autrecourt

Nicolas d'Autrecourt (c. 1298-1369) est l'un des penseurs les plus audacieux de l'histoire de la philosophie, et Zenon Kaluza, qui lui a consacre pres de trente ans d'etudes, nous le fait decouvrir par ses sources, ses doctrines et ses manuscrits. Ce livre propose notamment des analyses sur des themes importants (tels que la perception, la causalite finale, les categories ou l'eternite du monde) ainsi qu'une nouvelle edition des Prologues de l'Exigit ordo, enrichie d'un commentaire suivi. Les etudes-dont certaines sont parues mais difficiles d'acces et d'autres sont inedites-devoilent la figure d'un philosophe desirant de liberer la philosophie des contraintes institutionnelles et de critiquer la metaphysique d'Aristote, au risque de bouleverser les traditions, de contredire les dogmes de la foi et se voir condamner par les autorites theologiques de son temps. Nicolas d'Autrecourt (c. 1298-1369) is one of the most daring thinkers in the history of philosophy, and Zenon Kaluza, who has devoted to him nearly thirty years of study, presents him to us through his sources, his doctrines and his manuscripts. The reader will find studies on some of the most relevant philosophical doctrines (such as perception, the final causality, the categories and the eternity of the world) as well as a new edition of the Prologues of the Exigit ordo, enriched with a running commentary. The texts gathered here-some of which have been published previously but are difficult to access and others which have been unpublished until now-reveal a philosopher who wished to free philosophy from institutional constraints and dared to criticize Aristotle's metaphysics, at the risk of upsetting traditions and contradicting the dogmas of the faith, and who was condemned by the theological authorities of his time.