The Theory of Spectra and Atomic Constitution

CONTENTS

ESSAY I

ON THE SPECTRUM OF HYDROGEN

Empirical spectral laws

Laws of temperature radiation

The nuclear theory of the atom

Quantum theory of spectra

Hydrogen spectrum

The Pickering lines

Other spectra

ESSAY II

ON THE SERIES SPECTRA OF THE ELEMENTS

I. Introduction

II. General Principles of the Quantum Theory of Spectra

Hydrogen spectrum

The correspondence principle

General spectral laws

Absorption and excitation of radiation

III. Development of the Quantum Theory of Spectra

Effect of external forces on the hydrogen spectrum

The Stark effect

The Zeeman effect

Central perturbations

Relativity effect on hydrogen lines

Theory of series spectra

Correspondence principle and conservation of angular momentum

The spectra of helium and lithium

Complex structure of series lines

IV. Conclusion

ESSAY III

THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM AND THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE ELEMENTS

I. Preliminary

The nuclear atom

The postulates of the quantum theory

Hydrogen atom

Hydrogen spectrum and X-ray spectra

The fine structure of the hydrogen lines

Periodic table

Recent atomic models

II. Series Spectra and the Capture of Electrons by Atoms

Arc and spark spectra

Series diagram

Correspondence principle

III. Formation of Atoms and the Periodic Table

First Period. Hydrogen-Helium

Second Period. Lithium-Neon

Third Period. Sodium-Argon

Fourth Period. Potassium-Krypton

Fifth Period. Rubidium-Xenon

Sixth Period. Caesium-Niton

Seventh Period

Survey of the periodic table

IV. Reorganization of Atoms and X-Ray Spectra

Absorption and emission of X-rays and correspondence principle

]X-ray spectra and atomic structure

Classification of X-ray spectra

Conclusion