The Axon: Structure, Function and Related Diseases

The axon is a vital component of neurons that serves as a conduit for transmitting electrical impulses from the cell body to other neurons or target cells. Structurally, it is a long, slender projection extending from the neuron's cell body, often sheathed in myelin for faster signal conduction. Functionally, axons enable communication between neurons, facilitating sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive processes. However, various diseases can impact axonal health, leading to neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, where myelin degradation disrupts signal transmission, or peripheral neuropathy, characterized by axonal degeneration and impaired sensation or movement. Understanding axonal structure, function, and associated pathologies is crucial for advancing treatments and interventions for neurological conditions. This book explores all the important aspects of axon structure, function and related diseases in the present day scenario. It will also provide interesting topics for research which interested readers can take up. This book will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers in this field.