Rose of the Winds

Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. Santarem, vol. I, p. 275 of his Essai sur l''histoire de la cosmographie cl de la cartographic pendant ls moyen dye, erroneously states that there are no charts with thirty-two rhumbs upon them before the Pizigani chart of 1367; and he argues fallaciously that Italian and Catalan sailors had never undertaken naviga tion on the high seas before the Portuguese expeditions to the Canaries from 1331 to 1344. The sailing-charts of the priest Giovanni da Carignano and of Petrus Vesconte, both of Genoa, have thirty-two lines and these unquestionably were prior to 1331.