Henry Highland Garnet

The story of a fiery Black abolitionist and how his radical ideology, unstinting commitment, and inspiring life remain relevant in the twenty-first century Born enslaved in Maryland, Henry Highland Garnet (1815–1882) escaped with his family via the Underground Railroad to New York City and went on to become a major voice in the Black abolitionist movement. He led community-based organizations that physically confronted kidnappers and slave traders preying on Black New Yorkers. Garnet caused a sensation in 1843 by publicly advocating for armed Black resistance to slavery. Despite a painful disability—one leg was amputated—Garnet became renowned as a masterful orator, pastored several important Black churches, and was a fixture at Black political conventions. He and his rival and fellow former fugitive Frederick Douglass were frequently cited as the most famous Black men in the United States. Garnet crystallized the role of an activist clergy, anticipating Martin Luther King Jr.’s social gospel. Laying the groundwork for the Black nationalist politics of Marcus Garvey and Malcolm X, Garnet became an advocate of African emigration and was eventually appointed an ambassador to Liberia, where he died. In this book, the first biography of Garnet in fifty years, Graham Russell Gao Hodges’s exhaustive research and innovative interpretations reveal Garnet’s unflinching defense of Black civil rights and his influential thinking about building Black communities, ideas that continue to reverberate in our debates around race and society.