Factors Associated with Cancer in Endometrial Polyps

The main objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and factors associated with precursor lesions and cancer in polypes of endometrium of women submitted to polypectomy. It is a retrospective cross-sectional study of a descriptive and quantitative nature, performed in a reference teaching hospital. The population studied was composed of 186 women. The associations of interest were verified using the chi-square test, adopting the level of significance. There were significant associations between post-menopausal bleeding and hypertension, diabetes, obesity and hypothyroidism. In relation to malignancy, a 5.4 times higher chance was found for women with infertility. However, the size of polyps larger than 2 cm was associated with benign biopsies. Although risk factors for malignancy were more present in postmenopausal women, in this study there was a higher prevalence and incidence of endometrial polyps in menacme and premenopause. Additionally, the symptom of postmenopausal bleeding was indicative of endometrial polyps and presented a greater chance of appearance in hypertensive, diabetic, obese and hypothyroidism patients.