Comprehensive Assessment of Soil and Water

Soils are inherently heterogeneous in nature because many factors contribute to their formation and the complex interactions of these factors (Maniyunda et al., 2013). One of the essential elements of a sustainable agricultural production system is the soil, and the quality of the soil is determined by its physio-chemical properties and ability to supply nutrients, which are ultimately reflected in crop productivity. The ability of a particular type of soil to perform within ecosystem and land use boundaries, sustain production, preserve environmental quality, and foster plant growth as well as human health was termed as soil quality (Karlen et al., 2001).