This book presents a historical overview of colonial Mexico City and the important role it played in the creation of the early modern Hispanic world. Organized into five sections, an interdisciplinary and international team of twenty scholars scrutinize the nature and character of Mexico City through the study of its history and society, religious practices, institutions, arts, and scientific, cartographic, and environmental endeavors. The Companion ultimately shows how viceregal Mexico City had a deep sense of history, drawing from all that the ancient Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa offered but where history, culture, and identity twisted and turned in extraordinary fashion to forge a new society. Contributors are: Matthew Restall, Luis Fernando Granados, Joan C. Bristol, Sonya Lipsett-Rivera, Frances L. Ramos, Antonio Rubial Garcia, Alejandro Caneque, Cristina Cruz Gonzalez, Ivan Escamilla Gonzalez, Maria del Pilar Martinez Lopez-Cano, Enrique Gonzalez Gonzalez, Paula S. De Vos, Barbara E. Mundy, John F. Lopez, Miruna Achim, Kelly Donahue-Wallace, Martha Lilia Tenorio, Jesus A. Ramos-Kitrell, Amy C. Hamman, and Stacie G. Widdifield. See inside the book.