Calcium Hydroxide In Endodontics

Calcium hydroxide is a strong alkali that can be formed by the reaction of calcium oxide. In 1920, Herman introduced calcium hydroxide to dentistry as a pulp-capping material, and the formulation was called "Calxyl." In its pure form, this substance has a high pH, and its dental use relates chiefly to its ability to stimulate mineralisation and also its antimicrobial properties. Further advantages include easy preparation and a favourable influence on the local environment, raising the acidic pH to alkalinity. So, calcium hydroxide is considered to be one of the biocompatible materials in dentistry. The application of calcium hydroxide includes linings, for indirect and direct pulp capping, Pulpotomy, intracanal medicament in weeping canals, root canal sealer, apexification, perforation repair, root resorption management, and the treatment of horizontal fractures, revascularisation, and replantation of teeth.Hence, the clinician should have thorough knowledge regarding the mechanism of action, biological properties, different applications, biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of calcium hydroxide.