Before Europe

In 1324, Mansa Musa crossed the Sahara with a caravan so vast it disrupted Cairo's economy for years. At the same time, Ibn Battuta was documenting a world already linked by trade, law, and shared knowledge across three continents. Europe had not yet arrived.Before Europe traces the centuries that came before the trade networks, the scholars, the empires, and the innovations that connected the world long before European expansion began. From Baghdad to Timbuktu, from Calicut to Chang'an, it recovers a past that was never empty.Only forgotten