Salmonella Enteritidis. Transovarial Transmission Meachanism in laying Chickens

Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Medicine - General, , language: English, abstract: Salmonella Enteritidis has been the major cause of food-borne salmonellosis pandemic in humans over the last 20 years, during which contaminated hen's eggs were the most important vehicle of the infection. The main slot of Salmonella Enteritidis reserves' is the intestinal tract of chickens and their egg through transovarian transmission route. Hence, the main objective of this manuscript is to review the transovarial transmission mechanism of Salmonella Enteritidis in laying chickens. In transovarian transmission, the causative agents could transmit to the offspring following invasion of the reproductive organ. Upon colonizing the reproductive organs, Salmonella Enteritidis could invade both phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells in order to bypass the host immune system. In this review, colonization of the ovary, oviduct, vagina, isthmus and magnum by Salmonella Enteritidis associated with the respective virulence factors has been discussed in detail. In addition to this, the interaction of the pathogen with the forming egg, its growth within the egg, the role of internal temperature of the egg in multiplication of the bacteria has been conferred critically. Thus, this review paper entitles for the learning of transovarian transmission of Salmonella Enteritidis in different reproductive organs of chickens and laid eggs in order to apply a well-coordinated prevention and control methods. Key words: Chickens, Eggs, Reproductive Organs, Salmonella Enteritidis, Transovarian Transmission.