This book offers an up-to-date review and synthesis of the role of tectonics in Neotropical bioregionalisation, in particular transition zones. The main questions are "e;What are transition zones?"e;, "e;How would we identify them?"e; and, "e;What are the tectonic drivers of transition zones?"e; These questions are pertinent as they may reveal a new transition zone within the Caribbean (Antillean sub-region), and provides an up-to-date account of the biotectonics of the Caribbean. In addition, the book contains a detailed tectonic summary of the development of the Andes and the bioregionalisation of the South American Transition Zone.