Al-Jazeera's "e;Double Standards"e; in the Arab Spring

This book finds that Al-Jazeera's coverage of Bahrain and Syria has conformed with Qatar's foreign policy, throughout the last decade (2011-2021). Al-Jazeera Arabic adopted Qatar's "e;double standards"e; policy in both countries in the beginning of the Arab Spring, framing Bahrain's protests as a "e;sectarian movement,"e; while depicting the Syrian armed conflict as a legitimate "e;revolution"e; (2011-2013). The book observes that when ties between Qatar and Bahrain worsened during the 2017 Gulf crisis, Al-Jazeera Arabic has shifted its coverage from being "e;pro-Bahraini regime"e; to "e;pro-protesters,"e; focusing on violations and giving voice to activists (2014-2021). The book concludes that the lack of "e;Peace Journalism"e; framing in Al-Jazeera's coverage of Bahrain's uprising and Syria's chemical weapons attacks has represented "e;claims"e; as "e;facts,"e; and justified military action against Syria. It also reveals distinctive differences between Al-Jazeera Arabic and English, with theformer lacking "e;objective reporting standards,"e; and using more sectarian language than the latter.