As the Austrian state refused to care for Holocaust survivors, the responsibility lay with the Jewish community itself. The focus of the Vienna-related work is on the time between 1945 and 2012, a period that was characterized by the very different needs of Holocaust survivors, remigrants and new immigrants. Forms of classical Zedaka, care for the poor and the transformation to professional social work throughout this period are examined. The descriptive depiction of sources illustrates the needs of the Jewish Community (IKG) Vienna for welfare and social work on the basis of personal archival files as well as media, documentary and oral materials.