Eminent Failure: The Resumption of Civil War in Southern Sudan

Sudan has been in almost constant civil war since the country's independence in 1956 but the causes of the conflict go back over 1,000 years. Arabic tribes in Sudan have been exploiting their African countrymen through slavery, cattle raiding and resource grabbing since at least the 650s AD. The two civil wars between the African dominated South and the Arabic dominated North were just the latest chapter of a very troubled history. The Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 (CPA) calls for an independence referendum to take place in the South in 2011: This paper will argue that the referendum will never take place or be considered valid by the GOS if it does. Currently 75 percent of the active oil fields in Sudan are in the South and at current oil prices equate to over 40 percent of the GOS national budget in 2007.

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