Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. All the measurements are calculated by the scientific friend, who fulfilled this department so satisfactorily in my edition of Cosmos. The translation of the pretty poem, T be Parrot of Atures, (page 189) now first given in English, is contributed by Mr. Edgar A. Bowring. For the additional notes subscribed ed. I am myself, in most instances, responsible.