Navisanda-yi Rustam al-tawarikh kist?

In literary criticism, the blending of historical fact and literary invention is often referred to as 'fictionalized history'. While the main characters and episodes are largely based on historical record, in works of this kind, the author takes the liberty to invent or manipulate thoughts, dialogues, or events. Gore Vidal's Lincoln or Robert Graves' I, Claudius are modern examples of fictionalized history. In early Persian literature, Firdawsi's (d. 411/1020) Shah-nama is a fine specimen of fictionalized history. Rustam al-hukama's (19th century) Rustam al-tawarikh pretends to be an historical work, covering the last days of the Safavid era from the beginning of the rule of Shah Sultan Husayn (r. 1105-35/1694-1722), until the death of Fath ?Ali Shah Qajar (d. 1249/1834). In this critical study, Jalil Nudhari argues that Rustam's work is fictionalized history rather than history, and that Rustam al-hukama is an alias of the well-known nineteenth-century writer Rida Quli Khan Hidayat (d. 1871).