Force, a central concept in philosophy, is also a common concern in the arts. Together with the concept of energy, these key concepts of modernism became guiding concepts of new aesthetic directions in the course of the 20th century. Wherever the arts are no longer concerned with depiction, reproduction or representation, but rather with populating the sheet of paper, the canvas, the aural space or a theatrical, cinematic and intermedia space with forces, energetic concepts are increasingly being developed.