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Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. Some persons have fallen into an error respecting the mode of pay ing respect to the Sultan. It is well known, however, that he expects all Franks to uncover their heads. His Highness always returns the compli ment in the manner described in the text; more must not be expected. Turkish Pashas who may be thus saluted, bow slightly, and raise the hand as high as the mouth.