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Sustainable Agriculture: Microorganisms as Biostimulants
Sustainable agriculture refers to a type of farming practice that addresses the needs of present and future generations, while ensuring profitability, environmental health, and …
Handbook of Indoor Air Quality
Indoor air quality (IAQ) is refers to the air quality inside and around structures and buildings. It has been shown that IAQ has an impact on the comfort, health and well-being of …
Principles of Environmental Science
Environmental science is an interdisciplinary field of study that integrates physics, biology, geography, ecology, geology, mineralogy and chemistry to examine environmental …
Plants: Their Response to Abiotic Stress
Abiotic stress is defined as the negative impact of non-living factors on living organisms, such as plants, in a specific environment. It includes adverse effects of metal …
Plant Endophytic Fungi
An endophyte is an endosymbiont, which may be a bacterium or a fungus that lives within a plant for at least a part of its life cycle without causing any apparent disease. Fungal …
Contaminated Soils, Sediments and Water: Issues and Challenges
Soil contamination, also called soil pollution and land pollution, is a part of land degradation caused by the spillage, burying or migration of hazardous contaminants from local …
Air Quality: Monitoring, Measuring and Modeling
Air quality monitoring refers to a process which involves taking samples and performing tests of air emissions. It aids in measuring the quality of air in relation to pollutants in …
Functional and Bioactive Foods in Promoting Health
Functional foods are highly nutritious food items. Their consumption provides a number of health benefits such as protection against disease, promotion of proper growth and …
Handbook of Gemmology
A gemstone is a precious or semi-precious stone, which is used for making jewelry and is used as an ornament due to its antiquity. Gemmology is the branch of mineralogy, which …
Single Cell Analysis: Technologies and Future Prospects
Single cell analysis (SCA) is a widely recognized method for elucidating cellular functions that are not accessible through bulk measurements on the population-level. The …
Climate Smart Agriculture: Concepts, Challenges and Opportunities
Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an integrated approach that helps steer actions to transform agri-food systems towards green and climate resilient practices. This approach seeks …
Food Safety and Toxicology
Food contains nutritional substances that are necessary for the development, upkeep, and repair of body tissues as well as the control of vital processes. Therefore, it is …