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The Making of Motown
Motown music emerged in the United States in the 1960s. It launched the careers of many African American musicians. Motown music shaped culture and society during the American …
Daisy Bates and the Little Rock Nine
In 1954, segregation in public schools was banned. But the road to desegregate American schools was long and difficult. Activist Daisy Bates helped nine black students integrate …
Booker T. Washington: Leader and Educator
Booker T. Washington helped shape the education system for African Americans in the aftermath of slavery. He was an influential black educator and leader. Booker T. Washington: …
Oney Judge
President George Washington and his wife enslaved more than 150 people in the mid-1700s. In 1796, one of their slaves escaped. Her name was Oney Judge. Oney Judge: Escape from …
Richard Wright: Author and World Traveler
African American author Richard Wright wrote about racial discrimination and injustice in the mid-1900s. Today, Wright and his work are widely celebrated. Richard Wright: Author …
The Freedmen's Bureau
After the American Civil War ended in 1865, many former slaves needed aid. The Freedmen's Bureau provided schools, medical treatment, and other aid to former slaves and other …
Barbara Jordan
Barbara Jordan’s work as an educator, a lawyer, and a politician helped shape the American civil rights movement. Barbara Jordan: Politician and Civil Rights Leaderexplores her …
Blacks in Paris
After World War I, many African Americans found a welcoming home in Paris while the fight for civil rights continued in the United States. African American soldiers, writers, …
The Scottsboro Boys
In 1931, nine black teenagers were arrested in Alabama. The young men were accused of crimes they did not commit, including rape. This unjust arrest led to years of imprisonment …
Ruby Bridges and the Desegregation of American Schools
In 1960, six-year-old Ruby Bridges walked into William Frantz Elementary School in New Orleans, Louisiana. She became the first black student to attend the previously all-white …
Hidden Heroes
In the 1950s, NASA relied on human computers. These skilled women did calculations by hand. While astronauts and their accomplishments were well known, human computers often worked …
The March on Washington and Its Legacy
The March on Washington was the largest protest gathering in the American civil rights movement. Thousands of protesters marched on Washington, DC, in 1963. They demanded equal …