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Strategies for Ensuring Diversity, Inclusion, and Meaningful Participation in Clinical Trials
Even as the U.S. population becomes steadily more diverse, minorities and women remain underrepresented in clinical trials to develop new drugs and medical devices. Although …
Mathematics Curriculum, Teacher Professionalism, and Supporting Policies in Korea and the United States
On July 15-17, 2012 the United States National Commission on Mathematics Instruction and Seoul National University held a joint Korea-U.S. workshop on Mathematics Teaching and …
Human Factors of Process Safety and Worker Empowerment in the Offshore Oil Industry
Since the 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout and oil spill, efforts to improve safety in the offshore oil industry have resulted in the adoption of new technological controls, …
Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants
In the 1970s, flame retardants began to be added to synthetic materials to meet strict flammability standards. Over the years, diverse flame retardants have been manufactured and …
Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean-Climate System
The sea ice surrounding Antarctica has increased in extent and concentration from the late 1970s, when satellite-based measurements began, until 2015. Although this increasing …
Virtual Clinical Trials
Successful drug development relies on accurate and efficient clinical trials to deliver the best and most effective pharmaceuticals and clinical care to patients. However, the …
Weapons System Sustainment Planning Early in the Development Life Cycle
According to the Government Accountability Office, sustainment of weapon systems accounts for approximately 70 percent of the total life-cycle costs. When sustainment is not …
Progress Toward Implementation of the 2013 Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics
The 2013 report Solar and Space Physics; A Science for a Technological Society outlined a program of basic and applied research for the period 2013-2022. This publication describes …
Exploring the Frontiers of Innovation to Tackle Microbial Threats
On December 4"e;5, 2019, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a 1.5-day public workshop titled Exploring the Frontiers of Innovation to Tackle …
Chemical Laboratory Safety and Security
The U.S. Department of State charged the Academies with the task of producing a protocol for development of standard operating procedures (SOPs) that would serve as a complement to …
Integration of Immigrants into American Society
The United States prides itself on being a nation of immigrants, and the country has a long history of successfully absorbing people from across the globe. The integration of …
SBIR/STTR at the National Institutes of Health
The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs provide federal research and development funding to small businesses. In 2008, …