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Review of NASA's Evidence Reports on Human Health Risks
Review of NASA's Evidence Reports on Human Health Risks 2015 Letter Report is the third in a series of five reports from the Institute of Medicine that will independently review …
Role of Environmental Hazards in Premature Birth
Each year in the United States approximately 440,000 babies are born premature. These infants are at greater risk of death, and are more likely to suffer lifelong medical …
A Risk Reduction Strategy for Human Exploration of Space
Extending the spatial and temporal boundaries of human space flight is an important goal for the nation and for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). However, …
Describing Death in America
National expenditures for medical care in the months and days preceding death are enormous. But we do not know whether that money is buying good quality care or optimizing the …
Prepositioning Antibiotics for Anthrax
If terrorists released Bacillus anthracis over a large city, hundreds of thousands of people could be at risk of the deadly disease anthrax-caused by the B. anthracis spores-unless …
Integrating Clinical Research into Epidemic Response
The 2014"e;2015 Ebola epidemic in western Africa was the longest and most deadly Ebola epidemic in history, resulting in 28,616 cases and 11,310 deaths in Guinea, Liberia, and …
Urban Policy in a Changing Federal System
When the United States' founding fathers set up a federal system of government, they asked a question that has never been satisfactorily settled: How much governmental authority …
Review of NASA's Evidence Reports on Human Health Risks
This is the fourth in a series of five letter reports that provide an independent review of the more than 30 evidence reports that NASA has compiled on human health risks for …
Evaluation of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease
Many people naturally assume that the claims made for foods and nutritional supplements have the same degree of scientific grounding as those for medication, but that is not always …
Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation
Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, …
Assessing Medical Preparedness to Respond to a Terrorist Nuclear Event
A nuclear attack on a large U.S. city by terrorists--even with a low-yield improvised nuclear device (IND) of 10 kilotons or less--would cause a large number of deaths and severe …
In the Nation's Compelling Interest
The United States is rapidly transforming into one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. Groups commonly referred to as minorities--including Asian …